Various materials held symbolic significance throughout Egyptian culture. In Egyptian religion and culture carnelian was associated with the evil-tempered god Seth. Therefore, during the Late Period, the Egyptian name for carnelian, hrst, gained the meaning ‘sadness’. Lapis lazuli was the most highly prized semi-precious stone, the dark blue colour and white flecks symbolised the night’s sky. The name for lapis lazuli, hsbd, was used as a synonym for joy and delight.
To find out more about the history and mythology of gemstones please see our relevant blog post: The History and Mythology of Gemstones in Ancient Jewellery.