The Holy Land was the first region to enter the Bronze Age, which began with the rise of the Mesopotamian civilisation of Sumer in the mid-fourth millennium BC. The shape of the bowl is irregular due to it being hand-worked – at this time the pottery wheel had not yet become ubiquitous and was not widely used. The Early Bronze Age/Late Chalcolithic Period is characterised by red burnished and grey burnished wares, which were rarely painted.