Selection of Medieval Iron Horse Shoes

Medieval iron horseshoes became essential for protecting horses’ hooves as they were increasingly used in agriculture, transportation, and warfare. Early versions of horseshoes were likely made of iron or bronze and evolved from simple leather or wooden coverings. By the 9th century, blacksmiths in Europe began forging metal shoes, which were nailed to the hooves to prevent wear. The practice became more common as horses played a larger role in medieval society, particularly in the cavalry during the Middle Ages. Horseshoes often had a raised rim or “caulkins” for better traction on slippery roads. Over time, shoeing techniques and materials improved, with regional variations reflecting local needs or horse breeds.